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Balochi language

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PDFVolume 6. Iranian languages. II. North-Western Iranian languages
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Genealogy

Indo-European → Indo-Iranian → Iranian → Northwestern Iranian

Geography

Main country: Pakistan (show on the map)

Area maps from the encyclopedia (in Russian)

Map designer: Yuri Koryakov

Identifiers

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑1] Number of degrees of vowel height Four [A‑1‑3]
[A‑2] Vowel height degrees Close, close-mid, mid and open [A‑2‑4]
[A‑4] Number of length degrees Two [A‑4‑2]
[A‑11] Inventory of obstruents by laryngeal features Opposition by presence and absence of voice [A‑11‑1]
[A‑14] Inventory of labial obstruents by place of articulation Bilabial and labiodental [A‑14‑2]
[A‑16] Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation Velar and uvular [A‑16‑5]
[A‑17] Inventory of postuvular obstruents by place of articulation Only pharyngeal [A‑17‑1]
[A‑18] Additional articulatory oppositions of obstruents By aspiration [A‑18‑13]
[A‑19] Inventory of sonorants by manner of articulation Nasal, liquid, vibrant and glide [A‑19‑6]
[A‑20] Inventory of sonorants by place of articulation Labial, coronal, dorsal and guttural [A‑20‑17]

Prosodic phenomena

[B‑1] Stress character Non-phonological [B‑1‑3]
[B‑2] Stress type Dynamic [B‑2‑1]
[B‑3] Stress carrier Syllable [B‑3‑1]
[B‑4] Stress fixedness Single-place fixed [B‑4‑1]
[B‑9] Length character Phonological [B‑9‑1]

Syllable

[C‑1] Syllable onset Both null and non-null onset possible [C‑1‑5]
[C‑2] Syllable coda Both null and non-null ocoda possible [C‑2‑5]

Phonologic structure and phenomena

[D‑1] Restrictions on the phonemic structure of segment morphemes in the initial position Limited set of consonants possible [D‑1‑4]
[D‑4] Differences between content and function words Differences in accentuation [D‑4‑3]
[D‑5] Differences between native and borrowed words Differences in phonetic structure [D‑5‑2]
[D‑6] Differences between roots and affixes Accentual differences [D‑6‑3]
[D‑7] Functional type of alternations Accompanying [D‑7‑2]
[D‑8] Type of altenations Vowel, consonant, and phoneme complex alternations [D‑8‑11]

Morphological type of language

[E‑3] Agglutinative type features One flection can only express one meaning [E‑3‑1]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1] Number of agreement classes No agreement classes [F‑1‑1]

Number

[G‑1] Number in nouns Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2] Single number marking Marked and unmarked [G‑2‑3]
[G‑4] Agreement in number Predicative and attributive [G‑4‑4]
[G‑5] Form of a noun in numeral phrases Singular and plural [G‑5‑3]

Case meanings

[H‑1] Number of noun cases Three-seven [H‑1‑2]
[H‑2] Subject and object marking Verbal agreement and case affixes [H‑2‑5]
[H‑4] Case marking of possessive relations Genitive [H‑4‑1]

Verbal categories

[I‑1] Voice forms expression Auxiliary verb and affixes [I‑1‑6]
[I‑5] Tense forms Past [I‑5‑1]
[I‑5] Tense forms Present [I‑5‑2]
[I‑5] Tense forms Non-past [I‑5‑5]
[I‑6] Aspect and tense expression Syncretic [I‑6‑2]
[I‑7] Expression of tense categories Auxiliary verbs and affixes [I‑7‑3]
[I‑9] Marking of person in present tense verbs In singular and plural [I‑9‑3]

Deictic categories

[J‑1] Pronominal words Pronouns-nouns and pronouns-adjectives [J‑1‑11]
[J‑3] Function words expressing spatial orientation of action Adpositions [J‑3‑9]
[J‑4] Content words expressing spatial orientation of action Adverbs [J‑4‑3]
[J‑5] Morphological expression of (in)definiteness Different cases for definite and indefinite objects [J‑5‑10]
[J‑6] Words expressing (in)definiteness Articles, pronouns and numerals [J‑6‑21]
[J‑8] Expression of negation Negative particles [J‑8‑3]
[J‑9] Negation marker position Preposition [J‑9‑3]

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑1] Personal pronouns inflection Pronominal inflection type [K‑1‑3]
[K‑2] Article types Only indefinite [K‑2‑2]
[K‑4] Article place Postposition [K‑4‑2]
[K‑6] Grammar categories of article Definiteness [K‑6‑2]
[K‑8] Verb agreement types Subject and object [K‑8‑3]
[K‑10] Tense expressed by participle Past [K‑10‑4]
[K‑12] Agreement categories expressed in adjective Absent [K‑12‑1]
[K‑13] Cumulative expression of several categories in adjective Absent [K‑13‑1]
[K‑14] Attribute agreement of adjectives Absent [K‑14‑2]
[K‑15] Attributive agreement types No attributive agreement [K‑15‑1]
[K‑16] Inflectional categories of noun Number and case [K‑16‑7]
[K‑17] Cumulative expression of several categories in noun Absent [K‑17‑1]
[K‑18] Inflection means Affixes [K‑18‑2]
[K‑19] Word form model Mainly or only suffixal [K‑19‑4]

Word formation

[L‑2] Derivation affixes Suffixes [L‑2‑2]

Simple sentence

[M‑1] Morphosyntactic alignment Accusative with elements of ergativity [M‑1‑7]
[M‑3] Dominant word order SOV [M‑3‑2]
[M‑4] Order of nouns and its modifier Modifier precedes noun [M‑4‑1]

Complex sentence

[N‑4] Compound sentence types Subordination and compounding [N‑4‑4]
[N‑5] Compound sentence syndesis and asyndeton Both syndesis and asyndeton possible [N‑5‑3]

Unfilled features

The encyclopedia contains no information

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