Botlikh language

Alternative names (including historical names and autoglottonyms): Botlix, Buykhadi

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Volume 9. Caucasian languages
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Genealogy

Caucasian → Northeast Caucasian → Avar-Andic → Andic

Geography

Main country: Russian Federation (show on the map)

Area maps from the encyclopedia (in Russian)

Map designer: Yuri Koryakov

Identifiers

Glottolog: botl1242
ISO-639-3: bph

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑9]	Diphthongs and triphthongs	No diphthongs and triphthongs [A‑9‑1]
[A‑11]	Inventory of obstruents by laryngeal features	Ejectives present [A‑11‑3]
[A‑12]	Inventory of obstruents by manner of articulation	Plosives, fricatives and affricates [A‑12‑3]
[A‑13]	Inventory of obstruents by place of articulation	Labial, coronal, guttural and postuvular [A‑13‑5]
[A‑15]	Inventory of coronal obstruents by place of articulation	Dental and alveolar [A‑15‑6]
[A‑16]	Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation	Velar and uvular [A‑16‑5]
[A‑20]	Inventory of sonorants by place of articulation	Labial, coronal and dorsal [A‑20‑14]
[A‑21]	Additional articulatory oppositions of sonorants	Absent [A‑21‑1]

Prosodic phenomena

[B‑1]	Stress character	Phonological [B‑1‑2]
[B‑2]	Stress type	Dynamic [B‑2‑1]
[B‑3]	Stress carrier	Syllable [B‑3‑1]
[B‑4]	Stress fixedness	Not fixed [B‑4‑2]
[B‑10]	Target of vowel harmony	No vowel harmony [B‑10‑9]

Syllable

[C‑1]	Syllable onset	Most syllables have a non-null onset [C‑1‑3]
[C‑2]	Syllable coda	Both null and non-null ocoda possible [C‑2‑5]

Phonologic structure and phenomena

No filled features for this language.

Morphological type of language

[E‑1]	Type of language by type of morpheme combination in a word	Agglutinative [E‑1‑1]
[E‑4]	Type of language by degree of morpheme cohesion	Synthetic with elements of analytism [E‑4‑6]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1]	Number of agreement classes	No agreement classes [F‑1‑1]
[F‑7]	Nouns classifying categories	Class [F‑7‑5]

Number

[G‑1]	Number in nouns	Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2]	Single number marking	Unmarked [G‑2‑2]
[G‑4]	Agreement in number	Predicative and attributive [G‑4‑4]

Case meanings

[H‑1]

Number of noun cases

Eight-twelve [H‑1‑3]

Verbal categories

No filled features for this language.

Deictic categories

No filled features for this language.

Parts of speech and inflection

No filled features for this language.

Word formation

No filled features for this language.

Simple sentence

No filled features for this language.

Complex sentence

No filled features for this language.

Unfilled features

The encyclopedia contains no information

[A-1] Number of degrees of vowel height
[A-2] Vowel height degrees
[A-210] Opposition in openness/closedness for vowel height degrees
[A-3] Degrees of vowel backness
[A-4] Number of length degrees
[A-5] Vowel opposition in labialization
[A-6] Vowel opposition in nasalization
[A-7] Vowel opposition in pharyngealization
[A-8] Vowel opposition in ATR
[A-14] Inventory of labial obstruents by place of articulation
[A-17] Inventory of postuvular obstruents by place of articulation
[A-18] Additional articulatory oppositions of obstruents
[A-19] Inventory of sonorants by manner of articulation
[A-220] Inventory of fricatives by place of articulation
[B-6] Number of tone levels
[B-7] Contour tone characteristics
[B-8] Tone carrier
[B-9] Length character
[B-13] Other suprasegmental phenomena
[B-14] Types of phonation
[D-1] Restrictions on the phonemic structure of segment morphemes in the initial position
[D-2] Restrictions on the phonemic structure of segment morphemes in the final position
[D-3] Characteristics of the syllabic structure of words
[D-4] Differences between content and function words
[D-5] Differences between native and borrowed words
[D-6] Differences between roots and affixes
[D-7] Functional type of alternations
[D-8] Type of altenations
[E-2] Fusional type features
[E-3] Agglutinative type features
[F-5] Attributive agreement in gender
[F-6] Agreement of cardinal numerals in gender
[F-8] Opposition by person/non-person
[F-9] Expression of animacy/inanimacy
[G-3] Honorific forms in pronouns and verbs
[G-5] Form of a noun in numeral phrases
[G-6] Numeral system
[H-2] Subject and object marking
[H-3] Case of nominal predicate
[H-4] Case marking of possessive relations
[H-5] Other means of expressing possessive relations
[H-6] Means of expressing spatial relations
[H-7] Dependent nouns in possessive constructions
[H-8] Case marking of animate and inanimate nouns
[H-9] Secondary cases
[I-1] Voice forms expression
[I-2] Voice stacking in the same verb form
[I-3] Double voice forms
[I-4] Voice forms coincidence
[I-5] Tense forms
[I-6] Aspect and tense expression
[I-7] Expression of tense categories
[I-8] Syncretic expression of several verb meanings
[I-9] Marking of person in present tense verbs
[I-10] Transitivity marker
[J-1] Pronominal words
[J-2] Expression of deictic categories
[J-3] Function words expressing spatial orientation of action
[J-4] Content words expressing spatial orientation of action
[J-5] Morphological expression of (in)definiteness
[J-6] Words expressing (in)definiteness
[J-7] Expression of politeness
[J-8] Expression of negation
[J-9] Negation marker position
[K-1] Personal pronouns inflection
[K-2] Article types
[K-4] Article place
[K-5] Position of article in noun phrase
[K-6] Grammar categories of article
[K-7] Number of conjugation types
[K-8] Verb agreement types
[K-9] Agreement categories expressed in participle
[K-10] Tense expressed by participle
[K-11] Adverb grammar categories
[K-12] Agreement categories expressed in adjective
[K-13] Cumulative expression of several categories in adjective
[K-14] Attribute agreement of adjectives
[K-15] Attributive agreement types
[K-16] Inflectional categories of noun
[K-17] Cumulative expression of several categories in noun
[K-18] Inflection means
[K-19] Word form model
[L-1] Word formation means
[L-2] Derivation affixes
[L-3] Stems relations in stem compounding
[M-1] Morphosyntactic alignment
[M-2] Word order fixedness
[M-3] Dominant word order
[M-4] Order of nouns and its modifier
[M-5] Pro-drop
[N-1] Clauses order in compound sentence
[N-2] Dependent clause distinctions in complex sentences
[N-3] Dependent clause predicate
[N-4] Compound sentence types
[N-5] Compound sentence syndesis and asyndeton

Feature is not applicable to this language

[A-10] Types of diphthongs
[B-5] Fixed stress carrier
[B-11] Feature of vowel harmony
[B-12] Trigger of vowel harmony
[F-2] Morphological expression of agreement classes
[F-3] Syntactic expression of agreement classes
[F-4] Other means of expressing agreement classes
[K-3] Indefinite article and numeral 'one'