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Nanai language

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Genealogy

Altaic → Tungusic → Southeastern Tungusic

Geography

Main country: Russian Federation (show on the map)

Identifiers

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑1] Number of degrees of vowel height Three [A‑1‑2]
[A‑2] Vowel height degrees Close, mid and open [A‑2‑3]
[A‑3] Degrees of vowel backness Front, central and back [A‑3‑4]
[A‑5] Vowel opposition in labialization No vowel opposition in labialization [A‑5‑1]
[A‑6] Vowel opposition in nasalization Present for front, central and back vowels [A‑6‑4]
[A‑7] Vowel opposition in pharyngealization No vowel opposition in pharyngealization [A‑7‑1]
[A‑8] Vowel opposition in ATR No vowel opposition in ATR [A‑8‑1]
[A‑9] Diphthongs and triphthongs Both diphthongs and triphthongs present [A‑9‑3]
[A‑12] Inventory of obstruents by manner of articulation Plosives, fricatives and affricates [A‑12‑3]
[A‑13] Inventory of obstruents by place of articulation Labial, coronal, dorsal and guttural [A‑13‑3]
[A‑15] Inventory of coronal obstruents by place of articulation Dental, alveolar, and retroflex [A‑15‑20]
[A‑16] Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation Velar and uvular [A‑16‑5]
[A‑20] Inventory of sonorants by place of articulation Labial, coronal, dorsal and guttural [A‑20‑17]
[A‑21] Additional articulatory oppositions of sonorants Absent [A‑21‑1]

Prosodic phenomena

[B‑2] Stress type Mixed [B‑2‑4]
[B‑3] Stress carrier Syllable [B‑3‑1]
[B‑4] Stress fixedness Movable fixed [B‑4‑3]
[B‑5] Fixed stress carrier First syllable or ultima [B‑5‑11]
[B‑10] Target of vowel harmony All vowels [B‑10‑6]
[B‑11] Feature of vowel harmony Height [B‑11‑3]
[B‑12] Trigger of vowel harmony First vowel of word (root) [B‑12‑6]

Syllable

[C‑1] Syllable onset Both null and non-null onset possible [C‑1‑5]
[C‑2] Syllable coda Both null and non-null ocoda possible [C‑2‑5]

Phonologic structure and phenomena

[D‑5] Differences between native and borrowed words Differences in syllable structure [D‑5‑4]
[D‑7] Functional type of alternations Accompanying and distinctive [D‑7‑4]
[D‑8] Type of altenations Vowel and consonant alternations [D‑8‑6]

Morphological type of language

[E‑1] Type of language by type of morpheme combination in a word Agglutinative [E‑1‑1]
[E‑4] Type of language by degree of morpheme cohesion Synthetic with elements of analytism [E‑4‑6]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1] Number of agreement classes No agreement classes [F‑1‑1]
[F‑7] Nouns classifying categories Absent [F‑7‑1]

Number

[G‑1] Number in nouns Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2] Single number marking Unmarked [G‑2‑2]

Case meanings

[H‑1] Number of noun cases Eight-twelve [H‑1‑3]

Verbal categories

[I‑5] Tense forms Past [I‑5‑1]
[I‑5] Tense forms Future [I‑5‑3]
[I‑5] Tense forms Non-past [I‑5‑5]
[I‑7] Expression of tense categories Affixes [I‑7‑1]
[I‑8] Syncretic expression of several verb meanings Person and number [I‑8‑4]
[I‑10] Transitivity marker Affix and meaningful morphonological alternation [I‑10‑11]

Deictic categories

[J‑1] Pronominal words Absent [J‑1‑1]
[J‑6] Words expressing (in)definiteness Pronouns, numerals, and particles [J‑6‑25]
[J‑8] Expression of negation Negative particles and negative affixes [J‑8‑9]
[J‑9] Negation marker position Preposition and postposition [J‑9‑9]

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑2] Article types No articles [K‑2‑1]
[K‑7] Number of conjugation types Single type of conjugation [K‑7‑1]
[K‑10] Tense expressed by participle Present and past [K‑10‑6]
[K‑12] Agreement categories expressed in adjective Absent [K‑12‑1]
[K‑14] Attribute agreement of adjectives Absent [K‑14‑2]
[K‑15] Attributive agreement types No attributive agreement [K‑15‑1]
[K‑19] Word form model Mainly or only suffixal [K‑19‑4]

Word formation

[L‑1] Word formation means Derivation, reduplication and compounding [L‑1‑19]
[L‑2] Derivation affixes Suffixes [L‑2‑2]

Simple sentence

[M‑1] Morphosyntactic alignment Accusative [M‑1‑3]
[M‑2] Word order fixedness Fixed [M‑2‑1]
[M‑3] Dominant word order SOV [M‑3‑2]
[M‑4] Order of nouns and its modifier Modifier precedes noun [M‑4‑1]

Complex sentence

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Unfilled features

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