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Turoyo language

Alternative names (including historical names and autoglottonyms): Surayt

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PDFVolume 15. Semitic Languages. Akkadian. Northwest Semitic
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Genealogy

Afroasiatic → Semitic → West Semitic → Central Semitic → Northwest Semitic → Aramaic → Neo-Aramaic

Geography

Main country: Turkey (show on the map)

Area maps from the encyclopedia (in Russian)

Map designer: Yuri Koryakov

Identifiers

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑1] Number of degrees of vowel height Three [A‑1‑2]
[A‑2] Vowel height degrees Close, mid and open [A‑2‑3]
[A‑3] Degrees of vowel backness Front, central and back [A‑3‑4]
[A‑5] Vowel opposition in labialization No vowel opposition in labialization [A‑5‑1]
[A‑6] Vowel opposition in nasalization No vowel opposition in nasalization [A‑6‑1]
[A‑7] Vowel opposition in pharyngealization No vowel opposition in pharyngealization [A‑7‑1]
[A‑8] Vowel opposition in ATR No vowel opposition in ATR [A‑8‑1]
[A‑9] Diphthongs and triphthongs No diphthongs and triphthongs [A‑9‑1]
[A‑11] Inventory of obstruents by laryngeal features Opposition by presence and absence of voice [A‑11‑1]
[A‑12] Inventory of obstruents by manner of articulation Plosives, fricatives and affricates [A‑12‑3]
[A‑13] Inventory of obstruents by place of articulation Labial, coronal, guttural and postuvular [A‑13‑5]
[A‑14] Inventory of labial obstruents by place of articulation Bilabial and labiodental [A‑14‑2]
[A‑15] Inventory of coronal obstruents by place of articulation Dental, interdental and alveolar [A‑15‑11]
[A‑16] Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation Velar and uvular [A‑16‑5]
[A‑17] Inventory of postuvular obstruents by place of articulation Both pharyngeal and glottal [A‑17‑3]
[A‑18] Additional articulatory oppositions of obstruents Absent [A‑18‑1]
[A‑19] Inventory of sonorants by manner of articulation Nasal, liquid, vibrant and glide [A‑19‑6]
[A‑20] Inventory of sonorants by place of articulation Labial, coronal and dorsal [A‑20‑14]
[A‑21] Additional articulatory oppositions of sonorants Absent [A‑21‑1]

Prosodic phenomena

No filled features for this language.

Syllable

[C‑1] Syllable onset Most syllables have a non-null onset [C‑1‑3]
[C‑2] Syllable coda Most syllables have a non-null coda [C‑2‑3]

Phonologic structure and phenomena

[D‑6] Differences between roots and affixes Differences in phonetic structure [D‑6‑2]
[D‑8] Type of altenations Vowel and mixed alternations [D‑8‑7]

Morphological type of language

[E‑1] Type of language by type of morpheme combination in a word Fusional [E‑1‑3]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1] Number of agreement classes Two [F‑1‑2]
[F‑5] Attributive agreement in gender Only in singular [F‑5‑1]
[F‑7] Nouns classifying categories Absent [F‑7‑1]

Number

[G‑1] Number in nouns Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑3] Honorific forms in pronouns and verbs Absent [G‑3‑1]
[G‑4] Agreement in number Predicative and attributive [G‑4‑4]
[G‑5] Form of a noun in numeral phrases Plural [G‑5‑2]
[G‑6] Numeral system Decimal [G‑6‑1]

Case meanings

[H‑2] Subject and object marking Verbal agreement and function words [H‑2‑6]
[H‑6] Means of expressing spatial relations Prepositions [H‑6‑6]

Verbal categories

No filled features for this language.

Deictic categories

[J‑3] Function words expressing spatial orientation of action Prepositions [J‑3‑3]
[J‑6] Words expressing (in)definiteness Articles [J‑6‑1]
[J‑8] Expression of negation Negative particles [J‑8‑3]
[J‑9] Negation marker position Preposition [J‑9‑3]

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑2] Article types Only definite [K‑2‑3]
[K‑4] Article place Preposition [K‑4‑1]
[K‑6] Grammar categories of article Definiteness and number [K‑6‑5]
[K‑8] Verb agreement types Subject [K‑8‑2]
[K‑12] Agreement categories expressed in adjective Gender and number [K‑12‑7]
[K‑15] Attributive agreement types In number [K‑15‑2]
[K‑15] Attributive agreement types In gender [K‑15‑4]
[K‑16] Inflectional categories of noun (In)definiteness and number [K‑16‑8]

Word formation

No filled features for this language.

Simple sentence

[M‑1] Morphosyntactic alignment Accusative with elements of ergativity [M‑1‑7]
[M‑2] Word order fixedness Non-fixed [M‑2‑2]

Complex sentence

[N‑4] Compound sentence types Subordination and compounding [N‑4‑4]
[N‑5] Compound sentence syndesis and asyndeton Syndesis dominant [N‑5‑1]

Unfilled features

The encyclopedia contains no information

Feature is not applicable to this language